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Shell Dweller Cichlid
Lamprologus ocellatus
Animalia›Chordata›Actinopterygii›Cichlidae
📍 Lake Tanganyika, Africa
Tiny Tanganyikan cichlid that lives inside empty snail shells. Males are larger and guard a harem of shell-dwelling females. Perfect for a dedicated shell-dweller nano tank.
Care Guide
Diet
Shell dwellers are carnivorous and require high-protein foods including frozen bloodworms, brine shrimp, and small live foods. Feed small portions once daily, as they are bottom feeders that forage naturally. Supplement with quality carnivore pellets designed for small cichlids.
Behavior
Highly territorial and aggressive toward conspecifics outside their shell-dwelling group; males aggressively defend harems of females within shells. They are bottom-dwellers that spend most time inside or near empty snail shells, emerging to feed and patrol territory. Despite aggression toward their own kind, they are relatively peaceful toward unrelated fish species.
Breeding
Breeding in captivity is moderately difficult and requires multiple shells per pair, stable water conditions, and minimal disturbance. Males are mouthbrooders that guard shells containing eggs and fry; expect 10-40 fry per spawn. Fry are difficult to raise due to their small size and need for infusoria and micro-foods initially.
Tank Mates
Peaceful bottom-dweller that won't compete for shells; similar water requirements
Small, peaceful schooling fish that occupy mid-water; won't threaten shell dwellers
Provides empty shells for dwellers but may be eaten; use as supplemental shells only
May be preyed upon by larger males; only suitable in heavily planted tanks with hiding spots
Nocturnal algae eater that won't compete for shells or food; similar water chemistry needs
Common Diseases
Ich (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)
White spots on body and fins, flashing against objects, labored breathing
Raise temperature to 28-29°C, perform daily 25% water changes, use ich medication or salt treatment; maintain excellent water quality
Fin Rot
Frayed or disintegrating fins, white edges on fin margins, lethargy
Improve water quality with frequent changes, remove sharp decorations, use antibacterial medication if severe; ensure adequate nutrition
Bloat (Malawi Bloat)
Swollen abdomen, loss of appetite, difficulty swimming, pale coloration
Perform large water changes, reduce feeding, offer varied diet with vegetable matter; use antibiotic treatment if bacterial infection suspected
Shell Mouth Fungus
White cottony growth around mouth area, difficulty feeding, lethargy
Isolate affected fish, improve water quality, use antifungal medication; ensure shells are clean and smooth to prevent injury
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Quick Facts
- pH
- 7.5–8.5
- diet
- carnivore
- maxSize
- 2 inches
- minTankSize
- 15 gallons
- temperature
- 73–81°F (23–27°C)
Temperature
73–81°F
23–27°C