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Arrowhead Puffer
Pao suvattii
Animalia›Chordata›Actinopterygii›Tetraodontiformes›Tetraodontidae
📍 Mekong River, Thailand & Laos
Specialist ambush predator with a wedge-shaped body and upturned face adapted for burying in sand and striking prey from below. Highly aggressive — must be kept alone. One of the most challenging freshwater puffers.
Care Guide
Diet
Arrowhead Puffers are strict carnivores requiring live prey as their primary diet. Offer live small fish, shrimp, snails, and aquatic insects once daily. Supplement occasionally with frozen bloodworms and brine shrimp, though they strongly prefer live, moving prey to trigger their predatory instincts.
Behavior
Highly aggressive ambush predators that must be kept in solitary confinement—they will attack or consume any tankmate. They spend most time buried in sand or substrate with only their upturned eyes and mouth visible, waiting to strike passing prey. Extremely territorial and will defend their territory vigorously against any intrusion.
Breeding
Breeding in captivity is extremely rare and poorly documented. They require very specific conditions including soft, acidic water and live food abundance, but captive pairs rarely spawn. Fry rearing is virtually unknown in the hobby, making this species unsuitable for breeding projects.
Common Diseases
Ich (White Spot Disease)
White spots on body and fins, flashing against substrate, lethargy
Raise temperature gradually to 28-30°C, perform 25% water changes daily, use aquarium salt (1 tsp per 5 gallons) or ich medication; maintain excellent water quality
Fin Rot
Frayed or deteriorating fins, discoloration at fin edges, lethargy
Improve water quality with frequent partial changes, treat with antibacterial medication, ensure pristine substrate conditions to prevent secondary infections
Parasitic Infections
Excessive scratching on substrate, visible parasites, weight loss, clamped fins
Quarantine immediately, treat with anti-parasitic medication, perform daily water changes, maintain optimal water parameters
Stress-Related Illness
Loss of appetite, hiding, color fading, susceptibility to secondary infections
Ensure adequate substrate depth (4+ inches sand), minimal disturbance, stable water parameters, live food availability, and complete solitude
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Quick Facts
- pH
- 6.5–7.5
- diet
- carnivore/live prey
- maxSize
- 5 inches
- minTankSize
- 40 gallons
- temperature
- 75–82°F (24–28°C)
Temperature
75–82°F
24–28°C
Stats
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