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AmphibianmediumFreshwater

Axanthic Axolotl

Ambystoma mexicanum

Also known as Grey Axolotl, Gray Axolotl

Animalia›Chordata›Amphibia›Caudata›Ambystomatidae

Variety of Axolotl · axanthic

Axanthic colour morph — a uniform grey-to-charcoal axolotl that lacks the yellow and red pigments of a wild type, so it reads as a washed-out wild type but is genetically distinct. Fully-aquatic Mexican salamander kept in COLD water (60–64°F, no heater). A carnivore that should live on a bare bottom or soft fine sand — gravel causes fatal impaction. Keep with other axolotls only; small fish get eaten and fin-nippers damage the gills.

Where it's from

Native to Mexico

Recorded as introduced in Colombia, Ecuador, Germany and Peru

The range of its wild species, Ambystoma mexicanum.

At a glance

Size
10 in
25 cm
Min tank
20 gal
76 L
Temp
60–64°F
16–18°C
pH
6.5–8
GH
125–250 ppm
7–14 dGH
Temperament
Peaceful
Swims
Bottom
Lifespan
10-15 yrs

Care

Diet

Axolotls are carnivores. The staple in captivity is earthworms or nightcrawlers, cut to a manageable size — they're nutritionally complete and a clear favorite. Supplement with bloodworms, blackworms, and soft sinking pellets formulated for axolotls. Feed juveniles daily and adults every 2–3 days, offering only what they finish. Avoid feeder fish (parasite and impaction risk), hard-shelled foods, and anything large enough to choke on; feed from tongs or drop food right in front of them, since they hunt by smell and snap at movement.

Behavior

Neotenic salamander that keeps its feathery external gills and stays fully aquatic for life. Nocturnal, sedentary ambush predator that rests on the bottom by day. Largely solitary — juveniles are cannibalistic and will bite gills, toes, and limbs (lost parts regenerate). Needs cool, dim, low-flow water, shaded hides, and either a bare bottom or fine sand; gravel small enough to swallow causes fatal impaction.

Breeding

Spawning is triggered by a seasonal cool-down (down to ~10-12°C / 50-54°F) in late winter to spring. The male deposits cone-shaped spermatophores that the female collects with her cloaca, then lays 100-1,000+ jelly-coated eggs on plants and decor over a day or two. Eggs hatch in 2-3 weeks; larvae must be separated and fed live baby brine shrimp and microworms to prevent cannibalism. Prolific in captivity — avoid breeding GFP/mosaic or unknown lineages to protect the inbred captive gene pool.

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Common diseases 5Gravel / sand impaction, Heat stress, Ammonia / nitrite burn, Fungal infection (Saprolegnia), Bacterial infection / red-leg

Gravel / sand impaction

Symptoms

Bloating, floating, loss of appetite, straining, sitting off the bottom

Treatment

Use a bare bottom or fine sand only and remove ingestible gravel. Try gentle fasting and fridge-cooling; severe blockages need an exotics vet. Prevent by feeding from tongs over a clean substrate.

Heat stress

Symptoms

Forward-curled gills, refusing food, restless gliding, excess slime, rapid decline above ~23°C/74°F

Treatment

Cool the water with fans, frozen bottles, or a chiller to 16-18°C (60-64°F) and boost aeration. Sustained warmth is the leading killer of pet axolotls.

Ammonia / nitrite burn

Symptoms

Reddened or frayed gills, curled gill stalks, sloughing skin, lethargy

Treatment

Test the water and do daily 20-30% cool, dechlorinated changes until ammonia and nitrite read 0. Their heavy waste output demands strong biological filtration with gentle flow.

Fungal infection (Saprolegnia)

Symptoms

White cottony tufts on the gills, skin, or wounds

Treatment

Improve water quality and lower the temperature; treat with daily salt baths or Indian almond leaf. Isolate and consult an exotics vet for stubborn cases.

Bacterial infection / red-leg

Symptoms

Red blotches on the belly or limbs, open sores, swelling, lethargy

Treatment

Correct water quality immediately and isolate; antibiotics from an exotics vet are usually required. Often follows chronic stress or poor husbandry.

Legality

Federally restricted: injurious wildlife (Lacey Act); importing it and some shipping between states are prohibited.

Prohibited in: CA, ME, NJ, VA

Permit required in: NM

Not legal advice, and possibly incomplete or out of date. Rules vary by state and change over time; check with your state wildlife or agriculture agency before buying, keeping or shipping it.

The care information here is written with AI help, so it can contain mistakes. Spot one? Tell us and we'll fix it. Native range: Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (CC BY 4.0); GRIIS Checklist of Introduced and Invasive Species (CC BY 4.0); Lista de la herpetofauna con distribución en México (CC BY 4.0).

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