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AmphibianmediumFreshwater

Leucistic Axolotl

Ambystoma mexicanum

AnimaliaChordataAmphibiaCaudataAmbystomatidae

Variety of Axolotl · leucistic

📍 Endemic to the high-altitude lake complex of Xochimilco (and formerly Lake Chalco) near Mexico City, Mexico. Critically endangered and nearly extinct in the wild, though common in captivity and research labs.

leucistic colour morph of the axolotl. Fully-aquatic Mexican salamander kept in COLD water (60–64°F, no heater). A carnivore that should live on a bare bottom or soft fine sand — gravel causes fatal impaction. Keep with other axolotls only; small fish get eaten and fin-nippers damage the gills.

Size10"
Min Tank20g
peaceful
Zonebottom

Care Guide

Diet

Axolotls are carnivores. The staple in captivity is earthworms or nightcrawlers, cut to a manageable size — they're nutritionally complete and a clear favorite. Supplement with bloodworms, blackworms, and soft sinking pellets formulated for axolotls. Feed juveniles daily and adults every 2–3 days, offering only what they finish. Avoid feeder fish (parasite and impaction risk), hard-shelled foods, and anything large enough to choke on; feed from tongs or drop food right in front of them, since they hunt by smell and snap at movement.

Behavior

Neotenic salamander that keeps its feathery external gills and stays fully aquatic for life. Nocturnal, sedentary ambush predator that rests on the bottom by day. Largely solitary — juveniles are cannibalistic and will bite gills, toes, and limbs (lost parts regenerate). Needs cool, dim, low-flow water, shaded hides, and either a bare bottom or fine sand; gravel small enough to swallow causes fatal impaction.

Breeding

Spawning is triggered by a seasonal cool-down (down to ~10-12°C / 50-54°F) in late winter to spring. The male deposits cone-shaped spermatophores that the female collects with her cloaca, then lays 100-1,000+ jelly-coated eggs on plants and decor over a day or two. Eggs hatch in 2-3 weeks; larvae must be separated and fed live baby brine shrimp and microworms to prevent cannibalism. Prolific in captivity — avoid breeding GFP/mosaic or unknown lineages to protect the inbred captive gene pool.

Common Diseases

Gravel / sand impaction

Symptoms

Bloating, floating, loss of appetite, straining, sitting off the bottom

Treatment

Use a bare bottom or fine sand only and remove ingestible gravel. Try gentle fasting and fridge-cooling; severe blockages need an exotics vet. Prevent by feeding from tongs over a clean substrate.

Heat stress

Symptoms

Forward-curled gills, refusing food, restless gliding, excess slime, rapid decline above ~23°C/74°F

Treatment

Cool the water with fans, frozen bottles, or a chiller to 16-18°C (60-64°F) and boost aeration. Sustained warmth is the leading killer of pet axolotls.

Ammonia / nitrite burn

Symptoms

Reddened or frayed gills, curled gill stalks, sloughing skin, lethargy

Treatment

Test the water and do daily 20-30% cool, dechlorinated changes until ammonia and nitrite read 0. Their heavy waste output demands strong biological filtration with gentle flow.

Fungal infection (Saprolegnia)

Symptoms

White cottony tufts on the gills, skin, or wounds

Treatment

Improve water quality and lower the temperature; treat with daily salt baths or Indian almond leaf. Isolate and consult an exotics vet for stubborn cases.

Bacterial infection / red-leg

Symptoms

Red blotches on the belly or limbs, open sores, swelling, lethargy

Treatment

Correct water quality immediately and isolate; antibiotics from an exotics vet are usually required. Often follows chronic stress or poor husbandry.

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Quick Facts

diet
Carnivore – earthworms/nightcrawlers, bloodworms, blackworms, sinking axolotl pellets
lifespan
10-15 years
max size
23–30 cm (9–12 in)
tank size
20 gallons (long) for one adult; +10 gallons per additional
temperament
docile, solitary

Water it likes

gh
7–14
kh
3–8
ph
7.4–7.6
temperature
16–18°C (60–64°F)

Stats

Community tips0
Kept by0 hobbyists