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Eastern Rainbowfish
Melanotaenia splendida
Also known as Splendid Rainbowfish
Animalia›Chordata›Actinopterygii›Atheriniformes›Melanotaeniidae
📍 Eastern Australia & New Guinea
Robust Australian rainbowfish with vivid red-orange flanks and iridescent scales. Very hardy and adaptable. A great community fish that colours up beautifully under good conditions.
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Care Guide
Diet
Eastern Rainbowfish are omnivores that thrive on a varied diet of high-quality flake foods, small pellets, and regular offerings of frozen foods like brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms. Feed small amounts once daily, providing only what they can consume in 2-3 minutes. Supplement with vegetable matter such as blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods to support coloration and overall health.
Behavior
These are active, schooling fish that spend most of their time in the mid-water column, constantly swimming and foraging. They are peaceful and social, displaying best colors and behavior when kept in groups of at least 6 individuals where they establish a loose hierarchy. Males may display mild fin-flaring to each other, but aggression is minimal and rarely causes injury.
Breeding
Breeding in captivity is moderately difficult and requires patience, as these fish are egg-scatterers with no parental care. Condition breeding pairs with live foods, provide fine-leaved plants or spawning mops, and maintain water temperatures around 26-27°C with slightly acidic to neutral pH. Expect 100-300 eggs per spawn; remove parents immediately after spawning to prevent egg predation, and fry will free-swim in 7-10 days.
Tank Mates
Similar size, peaceful temperament, and mid-water swimming habits make them ideal companions
Comparable water requirements and peaceful schooling behavior; both thrive in groups
Peaceful mid-water dweller with similar temperature preferences; monitor for any territorial behavior
Nocturnal algae-eater that doesn't compete for food or space in the mid-water zone
Small invertebrates that occupy different ecological niches; ensure adequate hiding spots for shrimp
Common Diseases
Ich (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)
White spots on body and fins, rapid gill movement, fish rubbing against objects, lethargy
Raise temperature gradually to 28-30°C, perform daily 25% water changes, use aquarium salt (1 teaspoon per 5 gallons) or commercial ich treatment; maintain treatment for 10-14 days
Fin Rot
Frayed or disintegrating fin edges, white or gray coloration on fin margins, progressive fin deterioration
Perform 50% water change immediately, improve water quality and filtration, treat with antibacterial medication or salt baths; isolate severely affected fish if possible
Columnaris (Flexibacter columnaris)
Whitish film on body or fins, loss of appetite, lethargy, rapid gill movement, mouth erosion
Increase aeration, perform daily 30% water changes, treat with antibacterial medication; maintain water temperature at 24-25°C and avoid stress factors
Velvet Disease (Oodinium)
Fine golden or rust-colored dust on body, rapid gill movement, scratching behavior, clamped fins
Reduce light exposure, raise temperature to 28°C, treat with copper-based medication or salt; perform daily water changes and maintain treatment for 7-10 days
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Quick Facts
- pH
- 7.0–8.0
- diet
- omnivore
- maxSize
- 5 inches
- minTankSize
- 30 gallons
- temperature
- 68–79°F (20–26°C)
Water it likes
- ph
- 6.5–8.0
- ammonia
- 0 ppm
- nitrate
- <20 ppm
- hardness
- 8–20 dGH
- temperature
- 72–82°F (22–28°C)
Legality
No state or federal restrictions on record for this species.
Not legal advice, and possibly incomplete or out of date. Rules vary by state and locality and change over time — always confirm the current regulations with your state wildlife or agriculture agency before buying, keeping, or shipping this species.
Temperature
68–79°F
20–26°C