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Farlowella Catfish
Farlowella acus
Animalia›Chordata›Actinopterygii
📍 South America
A slender, twig-like catfish from South America with an extremely elongated body and snout, perfectly camouflaged among plant stems and wood, reaching 6–8 inches. It is a specialized algae grazer that requires driftwood to rasp on, pristine water quality, and soft acidic conditions; it is sensitive to pollutants and best kept by experienced hobbyists.
Care Guide
Diet
Farlowella catfish are specialized algae grazers that primarily consume biofilm, algae, and decaying plant matter. Supplement their natural grazing with high-quality algae wafers, blanched vegetables (zucchini, spinach), and occasional frozen foods like bloodworms. Feed small amounts daily, as they are continuous grazers that prefer frequent small meals over large feedings.
Behavior
These nocturnal, bottom-dwelling catfish are extremely peaceful and spend most of their time clinging to driftwood or plant stems using their sucker-like mouths, where they blend in remarkably well. They are solitary or found in small groups in the wild and do not interact much with other fish, preferring to remain hidden during the day. They are most active at night when they emerge to graze on algae and biofilm.
Breeding
Breeding Farlowella catfish in captivity is extremely rare and difficult, with very few documented successes in the aquarium hobby. They require very specific conditions including pristine water quality, soft acidic water, and appropriate cave-like spawning sites, which are rarely replicated in home aquariums. Most specimens in the hobby are wild-caught, and captive breeding is not a realistic goal for most hobbyists.
Tank Mates
Similar algae-grazing habits and peaceful temperament; compatible water parameters
Small, peaceful schooling fish that occupy mid-water zone and won't compete for bottom space
Peaceful, small tetras that prefer soft acidic water similar to Farlowella requirements
Peaceful invertebrates that share similar water parameters and won't disturb the catfish
Peaceful dwarf cichlid that prefers soft acidic water and won't harass bottom-dwelling catfish
Common Diseases
Ich (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)
White spots on body and fins, rapid breathing, lethargy, rubbing against surfaces
Raise temperature gradually to 28-29°C, perform frequent water changes, use aquarium salt or ich medication; Farlowella are sensitive so use half-doses and monitor closely
Bacterial Infection
Torn or frayed fins, sores on body, cloudy eyes, loss of appetite
Perform large water changes immediately, maintain pristine water quality, use antibiotic medication if severe; prevention through excellent filtration is key
Malnutrition/Starvation
Extreme thinness, lethargy, inability to cling to surfaces, pale coloration
Increase algae wafers and vegetable supplementation; ensure adequate biofilm growth by reducing tank cleaning frequency; may indicate insufficient algae availability in tank
Stress-Related Decline
Hiding excessively, refusing food, rapid weight loss, susceptibility to disease
Improve water quality, add more driftwood and hiding spots, reduce tank disturbances, maintain stable parameters; these fish are sensitive to pollution and require pristine conditions
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Varieties
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Water it likes
- ph
- 6.0–7.5
- ammonia
- 0 ppm
- nitrate
- <20 ppm
- temperature
- 73–82°F (23–28°C)