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FishmediumFreshwater

Lesser Spiny Eel

Macrognathus aculeatus

📍 Southeast Asia

The Lesser Spiny Eel (Macrognathus aculeatus) is a fascinating elongated fish native to Southeast Asia, known for its distinctive row of spines along its back and its habit of burrowing into soft substrates. It is a popular choice among hobbyists who enjoy unusual, snake-like fish that exhibit interesting nocturnal behaviors. Despite its eel-like appearance, it is a true fish and can be kept in community aquariums with appropriately sized, peaceful tankmates.

Size14"
Min Tank55g
peaceful
Zonebottom

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Care Guide

Diet

The Lesser Spiny Eel is a carnivore that thrives on live and frozen foods such as bloodworms, tubifex worms, brine shrimp, and small earthworms. It can be difficult to wean onto prepared or pellet foods, so offering a variety of meaty live and frozen options is recommended. Feed once daily in the evening, as this species is primarily nocturnal and most active after lights out.

Behavior

This species is largely nocturnal, spending daylight hours buried in soft sand or hiding among dense vegetation and driftwood. It becomes more active at night, emerging to hunt for food along the substrate. While generally peaceful, it may consume very small fish or shrimp that fit in its mouth, and it can be shy in brightly lit or sparsely decorated tanks.

Breeding

Breeding the Lesser Spiny Eel in captivity is considered rare and challenging. They are egg scatterers that require dense floating plants and slightly raised temperatures to trigger spawning behavior. The eggs are small and adhesive, and the parents do not provide care, so fry must be separated and fed infusoria or micro foods.

Common Diseases

Ich (White Spot Disease)

Symptoms

Small white spots resembling grains of salt on the body and fins, flashing against surfaces, lethargy

Treatment

Raise temperature gradually to 28-30°C and treat with ich medication; spiny eels are sensitive to standard doses so use half doses of copper-free treatments

Skin Flukes (Monogenean Trematodes)

Symptoms

Excessive mucus production, scratching against objects, reddened or irritated skin, rapid gill movement

Treatment

Treat with praziquantel-based medications; perform water changes and improve water quality to reduce stress

Bacterial Infection (Aeromonas/Pseudomonas)

Symptoms

Open sores, ulcers, reddening of the skin, frayed fins, lethargy, and loss of appetite

Treatment

Improve water quality immediately; treat with broad-spectrum antibiotics such as kanamycin or erythromycin in a hospital tank

Internal Parasites

Symptoms

Wasting despite eating, bloated abdomen, stringy white feces, lethargy

Treatment

Treat with metronidazole or fenbendazole added to food or water; quarantine affected fish and improve diet variety

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Quick Facts

diet
Carnivore – prefers live or frozen bloodworms, tubifex, brine shrimp, and small invertebrates
lifespan
5-8 years
max size
35 cm (14 in)
tank size
55 gallons minimum
temperament
peaceful

Water it likes

ph
6.5-7.5
ammonia
0 ppm
nitrate
<20 ppm
hardness
5-15 dGH
temperature
75–82°F (24–28°C)

Stats

Community tips0
Kept by0 hobbyists