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Petricola Catfish
Synodontis petricola
📍 Africa - Lake Tanganyika
Synodontis petricola, commonly known as the Petricola Catfish or Pygmy Leopard Catfish, is a small, attractively spotted synodontid from Lake Tanganyika. It is one of the most popular African catfish in the hobby due to its manageable size, striking polka-dot pattern, and active personality. It thrives in groups and is well-suited to Tanganyikan community setups.
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Care Guide
Diet
Synodontis petricola is an omnivore that readily accepts a wide variety of foods including high-quality sinking pellets, algae wafers, and frozen or live foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Feed once or twice daily, offering only what can be consumed within a few minutes. Supplement with vegetable matter occasionally to ensure a balanced diet.
Behavior
Petricola Catfish are social, active fish that do best when kept in groups of three or more, becoming more confident and visible in larger numbers. They are primarily nocturnal but will often venture out during the day, especially when comfortable in their environment. They enjoy rocky caves and crevices for shelter and will occasionally display cuckoo-like brood parasitism behavior when spawning alongside mouthbrooding cichlids.
Breeding
Breeding Synodontis petricola in captivity is possible but challenging; they are brood parasites that deposit their eggs among spawning mouthbrooding cichlids, whose host then incubates the catfish eggs alongside their own. To encourage spawning, condition the fish with varied live and frozen foods and provide suitable cichlid tankmates as hosts. The catfish fry hatch quickly and may consume the host's eggs, making controlled breeding setups necessary for success.
Tank Mates
Native to Lake Tanganyika, shares similar water parameter requirements and temperament
Another Tanganyikan cichlid that coexists well with Petricola Catfish in rocky setups
Small, peaceful Tanganyikan cichlid that thrives in the same hard, alkaline water conditions
Fellow African synodontid that shares similar water requirements; ensure adequate space
Close relative from Lake Tanganyika; compatible water parameters, keep in spacious tank
Compatible synodontid species; peaceful coexistence when given sufficient hiding spots
Common Diseases
Ich (White Spot Disease)
Small white spots resembling grains of salt on the body and fins, flashing against surfaces, lethargy
Raise water temperature gradually to 28-29 C, treat with ich-specific medication; use half doses as catfish can be sensitive to medications
Bacterial Infection
Red sores, ulcers, frayed fins, lethargy, loss of appetite
Improve water quality, perform frequent water changes, treat with antibacterial medication appropriate for catfish at reduced doses
Bloat (Malawi Bloat)
Swollen abdomen, loss of appetite, rapid breathing, lethargy
Improve diet variety, ensure high water quality, treat with metronidazole if bacterial or parasitic cause is suspected
Skin Flukes (Gyrodactylus)
Excessive mucus, scratching against surfaces, reddened skin, clamped fins
Treat with praziquantel-based medication; perform water changes and maintain pristine water quality throughout treatment
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Quick Facts
- diet
- Omnivore - sinking pellets, frozen/live foods, algae wafers
- lifespan
- 8-15 years
- max size
- 10 cm (4 in)
- tank size
- 30 gallons minimum
- temperament
- peaceful
Water it likes
- ph
- 7.8-9.0
- ammonia
- 0 ppm
- nitrate
- <20 ppm
- hardness
- 10-20 dGH
- temperature
- 75–81°F (24–27°C)