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Spike-tailed Paradise Fish
Pseudosphromenus cupanus
📍 South Asia (India, Sri Lanka)
The Spike-tailed Paradise Fish is a small, elegant labyrinth fish native to India and Sri Lanka, known for its distinctive elongated central tail fin rays. It is a hardy and relatively peaceful species compared to other paradise fish, making it a rewarding choice for hobbyists interested in Asian anabantoids. Its subtle but attractive coloration and interesting bubble-nest breeding behavior make it a fascinating addition to a well-planted aquarium.
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Care Guide
Diet
Pseudosphromenus cupanus is an omnivore that readily accepts high-quality micro pellets and flake foods as a staple diet. Supplement regularly with live or frozen foods such as daphnia, bloodworms, and brine shrimp to enhance coloration and encourage breeding. Feed small amounts twice daily, being careful not to overfeed as this species has a small stomach.
Behavior
This species is generally peaceful and somewhat shy, spending much of its time among dense vegetation in the middle water column. Males may display mild aggression toward one another, especially during breeding, but are far less combative than the common Paradise Fish. They are best kept as a pair or in a species-only setup, though they can coexist with other small, non-aggressive tankmates.
Breeding
Pseudosphromenus cupanus is a bubble nest builder, with the male constructing a nest among floating plants or at the water surface. Spawning is triggered by slightly raising the temperature and performing small water changes with slightly cooler water. The male guards the nest and eggs aggressively, and the female should be removed after spawning to prevent harassment.
Tank Mates
Similar size and temperament; both prefer densely planted, calm tanks
Tiny, peaceful schooling fish that won't compete or harass
Bottom-dwelling and peaceful, occupies a different zone
Small, peaceful, and shares similar soft water preferences
Peaceful bottom dweller that complements this species well
Harmless tank cleaner that poses no threat to this species
Common Diseases
Ich (White Spot Disease)
Small white spots resembling salt grains on fins and body, flashing against objects, lethargy
Raise temperature gradually to 28-30°C, treat with ich medication containing malachite green or formalin; ensure good water quality
Velvet (Oodinium)
Gold or rust-colored dust on skin, rapid gill movement, clamped fins, lethargy
Dim tank lighting, treat with copper-based medication or acriflavine; perform water changes and quarantine affected fish
Fin Rot
Fraying, discoloration, or deterioration of fins, often with a white or reddish edge
Improve water quality with frequent water changes, treat with antibacterial medication such as kanamycin or erythromycin
Labyrinth Organ Inflammation
Gasping at surface, lethargy, loss of appetite, swollen head area
Ensure the air above the water surface is warm and humid; improve water quality and reduce stress; antibiotics if secondary infection is suspected
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Quick Facts
- diet
- Omnivore – accepts flakes, micro pellets, frozen/live foods like daphnia and bloodworms
- lifespan
- 3-5 years
- max size
- 6.5 cm (2.5 in)
- tank size
- 10 gallons minimum
- temperament
- peaceful
Water it likes
- ph
- 6.0-7.5
- ammonia
- 0 ppm
- nitrate
- <20 ppm
- hardness
- 2-12 dGH
- temperature
- 72–82°F (22–28°C)