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Paradise Fish
Macropodus opercularis
Animalia›Chordata›Actinopterygii›Osphronemidae
📍 China, Korea, Vietnam & Southeast Asia
One of the first tropical fish kept in aquariums, the paradise fish features bold red and blue vertical stripes and flowing fins. Hardy enough to tolerate cooler temperatures. Males are territorial but manageable in spacious, well-decorated tanks.
Care Guide
Diet
Paradise fish are omnivores that readily accept high-quality flake foods, pellets, and frozen foods like brine shrimp and bloodworms. Feed small amounts once daily, varying their diet with occasional vegetable matter such as blanched spinach or algae wafers. They will also consume small live foods and insects if available.
Behavior
Paradise fish are highly territorial and aggressive, especially males toward other males—they should be kept singly or in heavily planted tanks with visual barriers. They are active swimmers that prefer the upper water column and are known for their elaborate courtship displays and bubble-nesting behavior. They are hardy and can tolerate cooler temperatures than most tropical fish, making them resilient in varied conditions.
Breeding
Breeding in captivity is moderately difficult but achievable with proper conditioning and setup. Males build bubble nests and will aggressively guard eggs and fry; breeding pairs must be carefully monitored and separated after spawning to prevent the male from harming the female. Fry are small and require infusoria or liquid fry food initially before graduating to microworms and crushed flakes.
Tank Mates
Bottom-dweller that avoids conflict; helps with algae control without competing for space
Peaceful bottom-feeder that occupies different water zones and is too armored to be bullied
May be nipped at but can retreat into shell; provide hiding spots and monitor closely
Small and mobile enough to avoid aggression; helps control algae without direct competition
Common Diseases
Fin Rot
Frayed, discolored, or deteriorating fins; may appear white or black at edges
Perform 25% water changes every 2-3 days, improve water quality, and treat with antibacterial medication if severe; ensure proper tank maintenance
Ich (Ichthyophthirius)
White spots on body and fins, rapid breathing, scratching against surfaces
Raise temperature gradually to 28-30°C, treat with ich medication, and perform daily water changes; ensure good filtration and avoid stress
Velvet Disease
Fine golden or rust-colored dust on body, lethargy, clamped fins, rapid gill movement
Treat with copper-based medication or formalin, increase aeration, and maintain water quality; quarantine affected fish if possible
Bacterial Infections
Open sores, red streaks on body, swollen areas, loss of appetite
Improve water conditions with frequent changes, treat with broad-spectrum antibacterial medication, and isolate if spreading to tank mates
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Quick Facts
- diet
- Omnivore – pellets, flake, frozen bloodworms, live insects
- lifespan
- 6–8 years
- max size
- 10 cm (4 in)
- tank size
- 20 gallons minimum
- temperament
- Semi-aggressive, territorial males
Water it likes
- ph
- 6.0–8.0
- ammonia
- 0 ppm
- nitrate
- <20 ppm
- hardness
- 5–20 dGH
- temperature
- 61–79°F (16–26°C)