Flora & Fauna
673 entries β care guides, placement tips, and notes from the community
Midas Blenny
Ecsenius midas
Brilliant golden-yellow with a flowing, eel-like body. Often mimics Lyretail Anthias in colour. Perches on rockwork and darts into crevices when startled β reef-safe and entertaining to watch.
Mini Christmas Moss
Vesicularia montagnei
A smaller, more delicate version of Christmas Moss with finer fronds arranged in the same classic triangular pattern. The smaller frond size allows for more detailed, intricate-looking moss walls and carpets compared to standard Christmas Moss. Like other Vesicularia species, it attaches readily to hardscape and can be tied, glued, or pressed onto mesh panels. Works especially well in nano tanks and detailed scapes where a finer texture is desired.
Molly
Poecilia sphenops
Mollies are versatile livebearers available in many colour forms including black, dalmatian, and balloon. They are adaptable to a wide range of conditions including brackish water. Females give birth to live young and breed prolifically in captivity.
Moneywort
Bacopa monnieri
A classic beginner stem plant with thick, succulent-looking round leaves arranged in opposite pairs along stiff stems. Growth is slow to moderate, making it easy to maintain shape. It adapts to a wide range of conditions and does not need CO2 to thrive, making it one of the most versatile aquatic plants available.
Moonlight Gourami
Trichopodus microlepis
Elegant silver gourami with a subtle moonlit sheen and orange-red ventral fins. One of the most peaceful and graceful labyrinth fish. Works beautifully in a tall, well-planted aquarium.
Mosquito Rasbora
Boraras brigittae
One of the smallest schooling fish in the hobby at just 0.8 inches. Deep red body with a black lateral spot. Thrives in blackwater planted nano tanks. Looks extraordinary in groups of 20+ against green plants.
Mosquitofish
Gambusia affinis
Mosquitofish are exceptionally hardy, adaptable livebearers that have been deliberately introduced worldwide for mosquito larvae control. They consume prodigious quantities of surface larvae and can survive conditions β extreme heat, cold, salinity, low oxygen β lethal to most aquarium fish. Note that they are aggressive fin nippers and should not be housed with fancy-finned fish; they are best suited to utility or outdoor pond use rather than display aquariums.
Mushroom Coral
Actinodiscus spp.
Mushroom corals (discosoma) are flat, fleshy soft corals available in a huge range of colours including green, blue, red, and metallic. They are excellent beginner corals, requiring low to medium light and tolerating nutrient-rich water better than SPS corals.
Mystery Snail
Pomacea bridgesii
Mystery snails are large, attractive freshwater snails that come in a range of shell colours from gold to blue-grey. They are peaceful algae grazers and scavengers that will clean up uneaten food and detritus. They have a trap door (operculum) that allows them to seal the shell, surviving brief periods out of water.
Narrowleaf Temple Plant
Hygrophila corymbosa 'Angustifolia'
Narrow, willowy leaves give this variant a graceful, feathery appearance unlike its broad-leafed relatives. Great for creating visual contrast alongside wider-leaved plants. Just as hardy as the parent species.
Nassarius Snail
Nassarius sp.
Small sand-dwelling scavenger that buries itself and erupts from the substrate to feed on meaty detritus. Excellent sand bed aerator and clean-up crew staple.
Needle Leaf Java Fern
Microsorum pteropus 'Needle Leaf'
Needle Leaf Java Fern produces extremely narrow, grass-like fronds that are distinctly different from standard Java Fern. The slender leaves create a delicate, airy texture that contrasts beautifully with broad-leaved plants. It shares the same hardy, low-light, epiphytic growth habit of regular Java Fern β easy to grow attached to rock or wood.
Neon Goby
Elacatinus oceanops
Tiny electric-blue-striped goby renowned as a cleaner fish β will pick parasites from larger tank mates. Ideal for nano reefs. The Caribbean's answer to the cleaner wrasse.
Neon Rainbowfish
Melanotaenia praecox
The neon rainbowfish is the smallest and most popular of the Melanotaenia rainbowfish. Males display vivid neon-blue bodies with striking red fins. A large school in a planted tank is a spectacular sight. Peaceful and easy to breed.
Neon Tetra
Paracheirodon innesi
One of the most popular aquarium fish, the neon tetra is recognised by its vivid iridescent blue stripe and red tail. It thrives in schools of six or more in soft, slightly acidic water with dense planting. Peaceful and hardy once acclimated, making it ideal for community tanks.
Neon Yellow Rasbora
Microdevario kubotai
Incredibly vivid lime-yellow nano fish with neon intensity that rivals neon tetras. Peaceful, active schooler. Looks stunning in large groups in a Nature-style aquascape. One of the best nano fish available.
Nerite Snail
Neritina natalensis
Nerite snails are among the best algae-eating invertebrates available, consuming green spot algae, diatoms, and film algae from glass, rocks, and plant leaves. They cannot reproduce in freshwater, so populations remain controlled. They may attempt to escape, so a tight-fitting lid is advisable.
Norman's Lampeye
Poropanchax normani
Tiny schooling fish with luminous iridescent blue eyes that catch the light beautifully. Excellent for nano planted tanks. Peaceful and undemanding. Looks spectacular in groups of 20+.
Nymphoides Taiwan
Nymphoides sp. 'Taiwan'
Taiwan Nymphoides produces attractive round-to-heart-shaped leaves with reddish-brown mottling on the underside. It spreads by runners and can be kept compact with regular trimming. Unlike surface-growing Nymphoides, it stays submerged in good lighting. A distinctive mid-ground to background plant with a bold, pond-like aesthetic.
Ocellaris Clownfish
Amphiprion ocellaris
The iconic clownfish made famous by Finding Nemo. Hardy, peaceful, and symbiotic with anemones. Excellent beginner saltwater fish.
Octopus Plant
Pogostemon octopus
Unique plant with long, thin tentacle-like leaves arranged in whorls. Fast-growing, forgiving, and adaptable. Excellent hiding place for fry and shrimp.
Odessa Barb
Pethia padamya
Males develop a striking iridescent red flame along the flanks. Hardy and adaptable β one of the most underrated aquascaping barbs. Groups create a stunning display of colour in midwater.
Odora Hygrophila
Hygrophila odora
A lesser-known species with elegant, slightly wavy narrow leaves. Grows quickly in good conditions and provides dense cover for fish and invertebrates. The emersed form produces small fragrant flowers, giving the species its name.
Olive Nerite Snail
Neritina reclivata
Small, olive-coloured nerite with a smooth shell. Excellent algae grazer that won't eat healthy plants. Does not reproduce in freshwater. A reliable and undemanding member of any planted tank clean-up crew.
Open Brain Coral
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
Free-living LPS with dramatic maze-like ridges and vivid colours β green, red, blue, and multicolour morphs. Placed directly on sand; inflates impressively at night to feed. One of the most beautiful reef centrepieces.
Orange Rili Shrimp
Neocaridina davidi 'Orange Rili'
Orange Rili Shrimp display the characteristic Rili pattern β bright orange pigmentation on the head, carapace, and tail sections, with a clear transparent mid-section revealing the internal organs. This two-tone broken pattern is unique and visually distinctive against green plants and dark substrates. They are as easy to keep and breed as any other Neocaridina davidi colour morph and are a lively, active addition to planted nano tanks.
Orange Sakura Shrimp
Neocaridina davidi var.
Vivid orange Neocaridina that stands out brilliantly against green plants. One of the most popular shrimp for planted tanks. Hardy and prolific β an excellent beginner Neocaridina colour variant.
Orchid Dottyback
Pseudochromis fridmani
Vivid orchid-purple throughout β one of the most coveted nano reef fish. A Red Sea endemic that is now tank-bred widely. Bold personality for its size; can be aggressive to smaller fish.
Oscar
Astronotus ocellatus
Oscars are large, bold cichlids known for their personality and intelligence. They recognise their owners and can be hand-fed, but they are destructive tank inhabitants that will uproot plants and rearrange dΓ©cor. They need very large tanks with robust filtration.
Ozelot Sword
Echinodorus 'Ozelot'
Echinodorus Ozelot is a hybrid cultivar renowned for its striking green leaves adorned with irregular dark-brown to red spots, resembling the coat of an ocelot. It is a vigorous, moderately sized sword plant reaching 25β40 cm that makes an eye-catching focal specimen in the midground or background. New leaves often emerge with a reddish tint before maturing to spotted green.
Pacific Blue Eye
Pseudomugil signifer
The Pacific blue eye is a small, hardy Australian native with striking yellow fins tipped in black and white, and the characteristic brilliant blue eyes of the genus. It is more adaptable than many pseudomugil, tolerating a range of salinities from fresh to brackish. An ideal nano fish for those wanting an unusual Australian species.
Painted Fire Red Shrimp
Neocaridina davidi var.
The deepest red Neocaridina available β body and legs are entirely opaque fire red with no clear patches. Top grade of the red cherry lineage. Striking against any substrate colour.
Pajama Cardinalfish
Sphaeramia nematoptera
Unmistakable with its yellow head, dark mid-band and polka-dotted orange rear β like a fish in pyjamas. Nocturnal schooler that hovers in groups near branching corals. Very peaceful and reef-safe.
Palythoa
Palythoa grandis
Large-polyped cousins of Zoanthids β drab tan-brown in the wild but cultivated morphs include greens, yellows, and reds. Hardy and fast-spreading. Contain palytoxin β handle with gloves. Excellent beginner coral.
Panda Corydoras
Corydoras panda
Named for their black-and-white colouration reminiscent of giant pandas, panda corydoras are a popular and peaceful bottom-dwelling catfish. They are active during the day and thrive in groups of 6 or more over fine sand substrate.
Panda Tetra
Aphyocharax paraguayensis
Small, hardy tetra with a clean silver body and distinctive black patches on the eye and tail base. Peaceful schooling fish suitable for community tanks and beginners.