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Shoal & Stem

Flora & Fauna

673 entries — care guides, placement tips, and notes from the community

plant
easy

Hygrophila Siamensis 53B

Hygrophila siamensis '53B'

plantfreshwater

A compact, attractive cultivar of Hygrophila siamensis with narrower, slightly undulated leaves that are bright green on top and pale on the underside. Very hardy and fast growing, it works well as a mid-background filler and helps suppress algae through nutrient uptake. Trims well and stays bushy.

plant
medium

Hygrophila lancea

Hygrophila lancea

plantfreshwater

The base species of the popular lancea group. A delicate, fine-stemmed plant with small, narrow lance-shaped leaves that grow in tight whorls around the stem. Under high light the leaves develop attractive reddish-pink tones. More compact and slower growing than most Hygrophilas, making it well-suited for the midground of Nature Aquarium and Iwagumi layouts.

plant
medium

Hygrophila lancea 'Mini'

Hygrophila lancea 'Mini'

plantfreshwater

An ultra-compact cultivar of H. lancea that stays exceptionally small — typically under 5 cm — making it one of the few true foreground stem plants. Leaves are tiny, needle-like, and can blush red or pink under strong lighting and good CO2. Ideal for nano tanks and detailed foreground work in competitive aquascapes.

plant
medium

Hygrophila lancea 'Taiwan'

Hygrophila lancea 'Taiwan'

plantfreshwater

A Taiwanese-bred cultivar with slightly broader leaves than the Araguaia form and notably more vivid red-pink coloration. Stays compact and dense with regular trimming and responds well to high light and CO2 by turning a deep wine-red. A sought-after plant in the ADA-style planted tank community.

fish

Imitator Corydoras

Corydoras imitator

fishfreshwater
plant
easy

Indian Waterweed

Hygrophila polysperma

plantfreshwater

The quintessential beginner stem plant — grows rapidly in almost any conditions without CO2. Under high light the leaves take on a pink hue. Excellent as a background filler or for fishrooms and breeding tanks.

snail
easy

Ivory Mystery Snail

Pomacea bridgesii var.

snailfreshwater

Solid white-cream form of the mystery snail — looks like a tiny porcelain ornament. One of the most elegant snail colour forms. Effective detritus cleaner that adds a clean aesthetic to planted tanks.

fish
easy

Jack Dempsey

Rocio octofasciata

fishfreshwater

Bold, iridescent cichlid covered in electric blue-green spots. Named for the aggressive boxer. One of the most popular American cichlids — easier to keep than its aggressive reputation suggests.

fish

Japan Blue Endler

Poecilia wingei

fishfreshwater
plant
easy

Japanese Cress

Cardamine lyrata

plantfreshwater

Delicate stem plant with rounded, lobed leaves on long stems. Prefers cool water — one of the best plants for temperate and coldwater aquascapes. Sends floating leaves to the surface when established.

fish
easy

Japanese Ricefish

Oryzias latipes

fishfreshwater

Tiny, peaceful fish from Japanese rice paddies. Extremely cold-tolerant — one of the few fish that can be kept outdoors year-round in temperate climates. Egg-hanger that's easy to breed.

snail
easy

Japanese Trapdoor Snail

Cipangopaludina japonica

snailfreshwater

The Japanese Trapdoor Snail is a large, attractive freshwater snail with a smooth, olive-green to dark-brown rounded shell and a distinctive calcareous operculum (trapdoor) that seals the shell opening when the snail retreats. It is a peaceful, slow-moving scavenger and algae grazer well suited to ponds and large aquariums. Unlike mystery snails, it is livebearing and gives birth to miniature snails without an egg-laying stage.

plant
easy

Java Fern

Microsorum pteropus

plantfreshwater

Java fern is one of the most forgiving aquatic plants, thriving under low light without CO2 injection. It must be attached to hardscape rather than planted in substrate, as burying the rhizome will cause it to rot. New plantlets emerge from the edges of mature leaves, making propagation effortless.

plant
easy

Java Fern Narrow Leaf

Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow Leaf'

plantfreshwater

Java Fern Narrow Leaf is a cultivar of the standard Java Fern with significantly narrower, lance-shaped leaves that create a finer, more graceful texture in aquascapes. It reaches 20–30 cm in height and works beautifully as a midground plant where a more delicate silhouette is desired. Care is identical to regular Java Fern — attach to hardscape, never bury the rhizome, and it will grow steadily under low to medium light.

plant
easy

Java Fern Windelov

Microsorum pteropus 'Windelov'

plantfreshwater

Java Fern Windelov is a distinctive cultivar with finely branched, feathery leaf tips that give it a lacy, coral-like appearance unlike any other aquatic plant. Named after Tropica founder Holger Windelov, it is a classic of the hobby. The ornate leaf structure adds exceptional texture to midground hardscape and is particularly striking when highlighted from above. Care is identical to standard Java Fern.

plant
easy

Java Moss

Taxiphyllum barbieri

plantfreshwater

Java moss is an incredibly versatile moss that can be tied to driftwood, rocks, or left free-floating. It provides excellent cover for fry and shrimp and serves as a natural grazing surface. It tolerates a very wide range of conditions and requires no CO2 or specialised fertilisation.

fish
easy

Julii Cichlid

Julidochromis transcriptus

fishfreshwater

Elegant Tanganyikan cichlid with black-and-white chequered markings. Pairs for life and is a devoted parent. Relatively peaceful and a great entry point into Tanganyikan cichlids.

fish
easy

Julii Corydoras

Corydoras julii

fishfreshwater

The julii corydoras is often confused with the false julii (C. trilineatus) which is more commonly sold. True julii have spots that do not connect into lines. Both are charming, peaceful schooling fish suited to planted community tanks with fine substrate.

shrimp
hard

King Kong Shrimp

Caridina cf. cantonensis

shrimpfreshwater

Premium Caridina with heavy, mostly black patterning and bold white patches. More black than a standard Crystal Black Shrimp. Requires very soft, acidic water. Prized by serious shrimp breeders.

fish
easy

Kissing Gourami

Helostoma temminckii

fishfreshwater

Famous for its lip-locking 'kissing' behaviour — actually a dominance display. Pink or green form available. A voracious algae grazer that also strips soft plants. Grows large.

fish
easy

Kitty Tetra

Hyphessobrycon heliacus

fishfreshwater

The kitty tetra is a relatively new species to the aquarium trade with a beautiful rosy-pink body and striking red and black finnage. It is closely related to the rosy tetra and shares its peaceful temperament. A charming choice for soft-water planted community tanks, where its delicate colouration glows under warm lighting.

fish
medium

Koi Angelfish

Pterophyllum scalare

fishfreshwater

A captive-bred colour morph with a bold red-orange, white, and black marbled pattern reminiscent of koi pond fish. Each individual is uniquely marked. Hardy and one of the most popular angelfish varieties in the hobby. Same care requirements as other P. scalare varieties.

plant
easy

Kompakt Hygrophila

Hygrophila corymbosa 'Kompakt'

plantfreshwater

A dwarf, slow-growing variant that stays short and bushy — typically under 15 cm — making it suitable for the midground of small to medium tanks. Leaves are wider and rounder than the standard form. Reliable and low-maintenance.

fish
easy

Kribensis

Pelvicachromis pulcher

fishfreshwater

The Kribensis is an attractive, personable West African dwarf cichlid from Nigerian coastal rivers and one of the most beginner-accessible cichlids available. Both sexes are colourful — females develop a bright cherry-red belly when in breeding condition. Pairs form strong bonds and jointly guard fry in caves, making them fascinating to observe. They are tolerant of a wide range of water conditions and generally peaceful outside of breeding territory.

fish
easy

Kuhli Loach

Pangio kuhlii

fishfreshwater

The Kuhli Loach is an eel-like, nocturnal loach from Southeast Asia with alternating yellow-orange and dark-brown banding. It wriggles through substrate and around plant roots searching for food, making it a fascinating and useful bottom-level scavenger. Kuhli Loaches are social and do best in groups of five or more; lone individuals are shy and rarely seen. Fine sand is essential to protect their sensitive underbellies.

fish

Laguna de Patos Endler

Poecilia wingei

fishfreshwater
fish
easy

Lake Kutubu Rainbowfish

Melanotaenia lacustris

fishfreshwater

The Lake Kutubu rainbowfish is one of the most intensely coloured species in the genus. Males develop a vivid turquoise-blue upper body that grades to silver-yellow on the lower flanks. It is a robust, active fish suited to larger planted or Dutch-style aquariums. The intense colouration only develops fully in mature males in well-maintained water.

fish
easy

Lake Tebera Rainbowfish

Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi

fishfreshwater

Lake Tebera rainbowfish is a medium-sized species with males displaying a yellow-gold body with a reddish-orange upper flank and vivid red fins. It is a hardy, colourful rainbowfish that is easy to breed and well suited to community tanks with other peaceful species. Its bright colouration intensifies significantly during spawning courtship.

fish
easy

Lambchop Rasbora

Trigonostigma espei

fishfreshwater

The lambchop rasbora has a slimmer body than the harlequin rasbora with a characteristically narrow, wedge-shaped black mark on the rear half. Peaceful and undemanding, it is ideal for nano planted tanks and pairs beautifully with shrimp.

fish
medium

Laser Corydoras

Corydoras sp. 'CW010'

fishfreshwater

The laser corydoras (orange laser or green laser depending on the variant) has a striking iridescent stripe running the length of the body. These undescribed species are highly sought after by corydoras enthusiasts and require soft, warm water.

fish
easy

Least Killifish

Heterandria formosa

fishfreshwater

One of the smallest vertebrates in the world — females reach just 1.5 inches. A fascinating livebearer from the USA that thrives in cool, planted nano tanks. Ideal for a species setup.

plant
easy

Lemon Bacopa

Bacopa caroliniana

plantfreshwater

Bacopa caroliniana is a robust, easy-going stem plant with rounded, fleshy leaves arranged in whorls along upright stems. Under high light the leaves develop a golden to pale-pink tinge; under low light they remain mid-green. It has a distinctive lemon scent when leaves are crushed. A reliable background or mid-background plant for community tanks and an excellent beginner stem plant that tolerates a wide range of conditions.

fish
medium

Lemon Cichlid

Neolamprologus leleupi

fishfreshwater

Brilliant yellow Tanganyikan cichlid that lives in rocky crevices. Curious and bold but aggressive toward its own kind. Stunning in a rock-heavy Tanganyika biotope.

fish
easy

Lemon Tetra

Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis

fishfreshwater

The lemon tetra is a classic, elegant fish with a translucent lemon-yellow body, vivid yellow dorsal and anal fins edged in black, and striking red eyes. It is a hardy, peaceful schooling fish that has been in the hobby for decades. The intensity of yellow colouration deepens considerably under warm, high-quality lighting in a planted tank.

fish

Leopard Danio

Danio rerio var. frankei

fishfreshwater
fish
hard

Leopold's Angelfish

Pterophyllum leopoldi

fishfreshwater

The smallest and rarest Pterophyllum species. Distinguishable from P. scalare by its more elongated body, a distinctive black spot on the dorsal base, and an absence of the pre-dorsal notch. Rarely available in the trade and best kept by experienced keepers. Requires soft, acidic conditions similar to the altum.